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Are on the hunt for the perfect htaccess file for your apache server? The truth is there is no one real universal htaccess file that covers all websites. Every website will have something unique that they specifically have to deal with. However there are a lot of common things out there that are similar that you can use to enhance your htaccess file and I am going to share them in this post. What is the Purpose of the htaccess file? As you may be well aware the htaccess file is a hidden file on your server. It is not accessible via an http request. The htaccess file provides many different functions for your Apache server. Apache controls the http requests so that your visitors arrive at the appropriate page when they click on your links. You can change the names of those links with the htaccess file so that they become pretty permalinks. Take a look how WordPress uses the htaccess file for this purpose. # BEGIN WordPress RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /index.php # END WordPress In the code above WordPress is turning on the rewrite features in Apache. If you are having a malfunction you will have to turn the rewrite on module for Apache manually. The next thing it does with htaccess is create a rewrite base of "/". Then the index.php can be hidden with RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - . Next htaccess will take all the files and directories and implement a pretty permalink structure with RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /index.php . This is all WordPress needs to create pretty permalinks for your posts, pages, categories and tags! The codes below can be applied to any CMS as long as the modules are turned on in Apache. :-) gZip and Compress HTML, CSS, js, php with htaccess mod_gzip_on Yes mod_gzip_dechunk Yes mod_gzip_item_include file .(html?|txt|css|js|php|pl)$ mod_gzip_item_include handler ^cgi-script$ mod_gzip_item_include mime ^text/.* mod_gzip_item_include mime ^application/x-javascript.* mod_gzip_item_exclude mime ^image/.* mod_gzip_item_exclude rspheader ^Content-Encoding:.*gzip.* A way to compress other files with # Compress HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Text, XML and fonts AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/javascript AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/rss+xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/vnd.ms-fontobject AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-font AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-font-opentype AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-font-otf AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-font-truetype AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-font-ttf AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xhtml+xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE font/opentype AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE font/otf AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE font/ttf AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE image/svg+xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE image/x-icon AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/css AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/javascript AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/xml # Remove browser bugs (only needed for really old browsers) BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4\.0 no-gzip BrowserMatch \bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html Header append Vary User-Agent Enable Expirations in htaccess with # Enable expirations ExpiresActive On # Default directive ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 month" # My favicon ExpiresByType image/x-icon "access plus 1 year" # Images ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 1 month" ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 1 month" ExpiresByType image/jpg "access plus 1 month" ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 1 month" # CSS ExpiresByType text/css "access 1 month" # Javascript ExpiresByType application/javascript "access plus 1 year" Block Bad Bots with htaccess RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^BlackWidow RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Bot\ mailto:craftbot@yahoo.com RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^ChinaClaw RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Custo RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^DISCo RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Download\ Demon RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^eCatch RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^EirGrabber RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^EmailSiphon RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^EmailWolf RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Express\ WebPictures RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^ExtractorPro RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^EyeNetIE RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^FlashGet RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^GetRight RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^GetWeb! RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Go!Zilla RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Go-Ahead-Got-It RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^GrabNet RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Grafula RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^HMView RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} HTTrack RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Image\ Stripper RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Image\ Sucker RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} Indy\ Library RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^InterGET RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Internet\ Ninja RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^JetCar RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^JOC\ Web\ Spider RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^larbin RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^LeechFTP RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mass\ Downloader RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^MIDown\ tool RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mister\ PiX RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Navroad RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NearSite RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NetAnts RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NetSpider RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Net\ Vampire RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NetZIP RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Octopus RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Offline\ Explorer RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Offline\ Navigator RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^PageGrabber RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Papa\ Foto RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^pavuk RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^pcBrowser RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^RealDownload RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^ReGet RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^SiteSnagger RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^SmartDownload RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^SuperBot RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^SuperHTTP RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Surfbot RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^tAkeOut RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Teleport\ Pro RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^VoidEYE RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Web\ Image\ Collector RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Web\ Sucker RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebAuto RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebCopier RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebFetch RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebGo\ IS RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebLeacher RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebReaper RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebSauger RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Website\ eXtractor RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Website\ Quester RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebStripper RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebWhacker RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebZIP RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Wget RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Widow RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WWWOFFLE RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Xaldon\ WebSpider RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Zeus RewriteRule ^.* - Prevent Unwanted Traffic with htaccess In the example below you can see that we are blocking 4webmasters.org and best-seo-offer.com which are high spam sites that will throw off your analytics. #Preventing unwanted traffic RewriteEngine on # Options +FollowSymlinks RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} 4webmasters\.org RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} best-seo-offer\.com RewriteRule .* - #End Etag Purpose This will disable caches and browsers from validating files. Therefore they are forced to rely upon your cache control and header expirations. Remove it by putting the following code in your htaccess file. FileETag none

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The Perfect HTACCESS File for Your Apache Server

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